记叙文指导

【#文档大全网# 导语】以下是®文档大全网的小编为您整理的《记叙文指导》，欢迎阅读！

记叙文指导

记叙文是以写人、记事、状物为主要内容，以叙述和描写为表达方式的文章。

以写人为主的记叙文，应该注意肖像描写、行动描写、语言描写、心理描写以及对细节的描写，考生应根据写作的要求，灵活掌握，突出重点。

以写事为主的记叙文，应该注意交待六要素（时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果），应该注意描写先后顺序以及记事的相对完整，注意把握好事情的开始、发展、高潮及结局。 以与景为主的记叙文，应该注意景物的主要特征，景物描写的层次，以及人与物的情感交融。

记叙文写作要点如下：

１． 明确写作目的和叙述的中心思想，段落叙述始终围绕着主题而展开，避免空间的叙述和与主题无关的内容。

２． 一篇好叙述文需要直接或间接表达以下六个问题，即：when？该事发生的时间， where？该事发生的地点，who？人物角色是谁，what？发生的是什么事，why？该事发生的原因，以及how？事件的结果是如何造成的等等。

３． 一篇记叙文，无论长短如何都应该是一个完全独立的事实，因此，在下笔时必须明确：该从何处开始叙述，该在何处结束叙述，以及应该提供何种事实才能使叙述完整。 ４． 写作顺序可以采用“顺叙”、“倒叙”和“穿插叙述”的方法，但初学者最好采用“顺叙”的方法进行训练，以情节发生时间的先后为序。 记叙文范文欣赏

记叙是一种表现人物活动，经历或事物的发生，发展，变化过程的写作方法。它可以是讲述自己的经历，也可以解释一个观点。记叙以描写事件为主，其中“五个W”是叙述的要点。记叙一般以时间为顺序。记叙文不同于其他文体，它可以没有主题句，结论句，所叙道理隐含于故事之中。如：

It was a cold day in winter. An ant was bringing out some grains of corn he had gathered in summer to dry them. A grasshopper, who was very hunger, saw the ant and begged him for some corn, saying that he was dying of hunger. The ant looked at the grasshopper and asked him what he had done in summer and why he hadn’t stored up some grains of corn. The grasshopper told the ant that he had been very busy in summer and he hadn’t stored any corn. The ant asked him once more what he had done in summer. The grasshopper replied that he had sung all summer. The ant angrily said to him that he could dance all winter as he had sung all summer.

该段文章通过故事情节的发展使读者自然地读出“不劳无获”的结论。但是记叙性段落同样也可有主题句，扩展句和结论句的支持，练习写作时应予以注意。


1. 记叙文的基本要求

1）主题要明确，内容要充实。文章中的故事要有头有尾，要有高潮，要把何人，何事，何时，何地，何因几方面交代清楚，避免空泛，笼统的话。通过对人物，事物和景物的描写，表现出故事的主题和作者的思想感情。

2）层次分明，有条有理。继续时除了有开头语及高潮性的结尾外，还要注意描写的层次要清楚，挑选一些典型事例或细节加以理安排，用最简单易行的方法，按时间的先后顺序进行描写。

3)记叙应以时间为线索，注意时间关联词的使用。

I usually get up early in the morning. Then, I go to the lavatory to brush my teeth and my face. After that, I go to the sports ground to have some exercise. Lunch is at 12:00. After lunch, I take a nap. In the afternoon, I go to the library. When evening comes, I watch TV for a while. Then I listen to the English broadcast, or prepare my lessons in the classroom. I usually go to bed when the close strikes 11.

4) 主次分明，详略得当。对一件事情的叙述不能平均用墨。能够突出主题的情节要详写，不能突出主题的情节要简写或不写。如下面一段文字的主题句是Traveling can have its exciting though frustrating movements.应是突出的重点。从段落中我们可以看到描写这两点的很多细节：司机是如何弄到活鸡送到家中同时又担心拿不到手提箱而赶不上飞机的焦急心情。作者对他们最后怎样到达旅馆、怎样及时到达机场描写得很少，尽管它们也是这个事件的一部分。

Traveling can have its exciting, though frustrating moments. A few years ago I spent a week in America. The week was over, to my surprised, that I had left one of my suitcases at my hotel. Quickly, I jumped into a taxi and explained my situation to the driver. We sped off in the direct of my hotel. Suddenly, the taxi driver slowed down so he could talk with the driver of a truck moving along the road next to us. The truck contained live chicken. Without stopping the taxi, the driver stuck his hand out of the window and took a live chicken, which he neatly stuck under the seat next to him. Meanwhile, I was getting more and more anxious about my suitcase and making my plane on time. Time wasn’t bothering the taxi driver, though. Instead of heading straight for the hotel, he made a detour to drop the chicken off at his home! In the end, however, we managed to get the suitcase and then raced back to the airport. Fortunately, I made it to my plane on time. What started out as a frustrating moment ended up being a permanent memory and a great story.

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