英语笔记—虚拟语气

2022-03-24 06:46:17 文档大全网 [ 字体：小中大 ] [ 阅读： ]

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英语,语气,虚拟,笔记

Grammar: 虚拟语气

一、非真实条件句 1、

现在过去将来

从句 did/were had done did

should do were to do

主句

would/should/could/might do would/should/could/might have done would/should/could/might do

Eg: If I were a teacher, I would be friendly to my students.

If you had worked hard, you would have easily passed the final examination. If I should see/were to see/saw him tomorrow, I would invite him home. 2、虚拟条件句中有should,had,were时，可省略if, 把should,had,were提前 Eg: Had I time, I would go there.

Had I worked hard, I would have surely succeeded. Were I in your position, I would do it better. Should I meet her, I would tell her. 3、混合虚拟语气（主从句时间不一致）

Eg：If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.

If I shouldn’t have an exam this afternoon, I would go shopping now. 4、含蓄虚拟条件句

With, without, but for, otherwise, or, but, but that... Eg: But for your advice, I would have failed. What should you do with a million dollars?

I’m really busy; otherwise, I would certainly go with you. But that he helped us, we couldn’t have arrived in time.

注：or/otherwise 前事实，后虚拟

but 前虚拟，后事实二、在主语从句中

It is necessary/important/strange/natural that... It is requested/suggested/desired/proposed that...

It is a pity/a shame/an honor/a surprise/no wonder that... 后句加should do, should可省三、在表语从句中

1、在表示命令、建议、要求的名词（suggestion, proposal, advice, command, request, recommendation）做主语的表语从句中，谓语动词用should do Eg: Our suggestion is that you (should) be the first to go.

My advice is that we (should) think it over before accepting it.

2、as if引导的表语从句可用虚拟语气，用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反，过去完成时表示与过去相反的事实

Eg：He feels as if he alone were responsible for what has happened.

It seems as if he had known all. 四、在宾语从句中

1、加should do, should可省

一坚持：insist 二命令：order，command 三要求：demand，request，require

四建议：suggest，propose，advice，recommend appreciate，desire，urge + (should) do

Eg: I suggest that we (should) set off at once.

They demanded that the military government (should) free all political prisoners. The doctor insisted that the patient (should) be X-rayed. 2、wish\would rather

Wish:

did

现在

had done

过去

Would

did Would/could do

现在、将来将来

had done

Eg: I wish I had known the answer to the 过去 I wish it were autumn in Beijing all the around.

I would rather that you came tomorrow. I would rather that you hadn’t told him. 五、在同位语从句中

Suggestion/idea/order/advice + (should) do

Eg: Do you know the order that you (should) keep watch（站岗）？

rather:

question.

year

The workers raised the demand that their pay (should) be increased to cope with inflation.

六、had planned/thought/imagined/meant...原计划、原想、原以为...

planned /meant/imagined/thought to have done were to have done

would like to have done

七、It’s (high/about) time + (should) do/did... Eg: It’s high time that you went to school.

八、if only引导的从句中需要虚拟语气，句子多用一般过去时或过去完成时 Eg：If only I had known his phone number.

九、as if 引导的方式状语从句中，用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反

Eg: That man walks as if he were a girl. They talked as if they had been friends.